ABSTRACT
Introducción: La cirugía de catarata por medio de técnicas de incisión pequeña es un procedimiento con el cual los errores refractivos posoperatorios han disminuido. Objetivo: Caracterizar a los pacientes con astigmatismo inducido por la cirugía de catarata mediante vía tunelizada en relación con el valor del astigmatismo posquirúrgico. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y prospectivo de 74 pacientes operados de catarata en el Centro Oftalmológico "Dr. Salvador Allende" de La Habana, durante el cuatrimestre septiembre-diciembre del 2009.Resultados: En la serie predominaron las edades de 60 a 69 años (52,7 %) y el sexo femenino (52,7 %). El astigmatismo preoperatorio promedio fue de 1,00 dioptría y el posoperatorio se incrementó a 1,50 dioptrías, lo que indicó un astigmatismo inducido promedio de 0,50 dioptrías a los 3 meses de la intervención. La agudeza visual posoperatoria alcanzó de 0,6 a 1,0 en 71,6 % de los integrantes.Conclusiones: El valor promedio de astigmatismo inducido evidenció un aumento poco importante, si se tiene en cuenta que el valor obtenido después de una cirugía de catarata no era considerado patológico.
Introduction: The cataract surgery through small incision technique is a procedure with which the postoperative refractive defects have decreased. Objective: To characterize the patients with astigmatism induced by the cataract surgery through a tunnelled approach compared with the value of post-surgical astigmatism. Methods: A descriptive and prospective study of 74 surgically treated cataract patients was carried out in "Dr. Salvador Allende" Ophthalmological Center from Havana, during the quarter September-December, 2009. Results: Ages from 60 to 69 years (52.7%) and the female sex (52.7%) prevailed in the series. Average preoperative astigmatism was 1.00 diopters and the postoperative one increased to 1.50 diopters, indicating an average induced astigmatism of 0.50 diopters 3 months after surgery. The postoperative visual acuity increased from 0.6 to 1.0 in 71.6% of the patients. Conclusions: The average value of induced astigmatism evidenced a not significant increase, if keeping in mind that the value obtained after a cataract surgery was not considered pathological.
ABSTRACT
Despite substantial advances in treatment, coronary atherosclerosis is a progressive disease, for this reason a second surgery is frequent. The left anterior small thoracotomy operation on a beating heart is an alternative with less morbidity and mortality than the conventional surgery. CASES REPORT: We report two cases of coronary surgery with limited access. The first corresponds to a 72-year-old man with diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, with myocardial damage and bypass surgery to anterior descendent coronary artery and first diagonal coronary artery with saphenous vein graft performed 13 years ago. Due to unstable angina and positive test for myocardial ischemia, we performed bypass surgery of minimal access to the anterior descendent coronary artery and obtuse marginal coronary artery. The second case corresponds to a man with hypertension, diabetes, obesity, previous bypass surgery of two vessels performed 4 years ago, complicated with perioperative inferior myocardial infarction. Due to unstable angina and positive test for myocardial viability, we performed a re-do coronary artery bypass graft surgery to the left anterior descending artery and first diagonal coronary arteries through a minimal access incision. In both the clinical evolution was satisfactory, they were discharged 7 days after surgery and remain asymptomatic at one year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: The antero-lateral thoracotomy off-pump coronary bypass surgery is an alternative indicated in high risk patient with coronary revascularization.
Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Coronary Artery Disease , Myocardial Revascularization/methods , Thoracotomy , Coronary Artery BypassABSTRACT
En el presenta trabajo se estudia la acción de la radiación láser de 10,6 mum sobre la solubilización del esmalte provocada por solución amortiguadora de acetato y lactato. Los resultados del trabajo indican que hay una influencia de la radiación láser sobre el proceso de solubilización mientras participa en el mismo sóla la superficie del esmalte y que este efecto se pierde cuando participa todo su volumen